Rosetta Stone / Turkish Coup Attempt / Twitter

-1099

The City of Jerusalem was captured and plundered by Christian forces during the First Crusade.

-1381

John Ball, a leader in the Peasants' Revolt, is hanged, drawn and quartered in the presence of Richard II of England.

-1410

During the Polish-Lithuanian Teutonic War, the Battle of Grunwald (also known as the First Battle of Tannenberg) was one of Medieval Europe's largest battles. Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło and Lithuanian Grand Duke Vytautas defeated Teutonic Ulrich von Jungingen.

-1799

French Captain Pierre-François Bouchard found the Rosetta Stone during Napoleon's Egyptian campaign in the Egyptian village of Rosetta.

-1955

The Mainau Declaration against nuclear weapons was signed by 18 Nobel laureates, followed by 34 other laureates.

-1972

"Honky Chateau" becomes Elton John's first US No. 1 album, featuring "Rocket Man."

-1988

"Die Hard," directed by John McTiernan and starring Bruce Willis, was released in the US.

-2006

Odeo, a podcasting company based in San Francisco, releases Twttr—later renamed Twitter—its short message service (SMS) for groups.

-2016

Nearly 300 people were killed and 6,000 were arrested in Turkey following a failed coup attempt.