Bikini, Amazon, and Newton

The Royal Society published Newton's "Principia" in England, outlining his laws of motion and universal gravitation.

In Venezuela, seven provinces declared independence from Spain.

Fugitive slave Frederick Douglass delivered his 'What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?' speech to the Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society in Rochester.

The US Secret Service began operating under the Department of the Treasury.

French designer Louis Réard unveils a daring two-piece swimsuit at Piscine Molitor in Paris.

Showgirl Micheline Bernardini models the new fashion, called the "bikini," inspired by a U.S. atomic test off the Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.

The BBC broadcasts its first television news bulletin.

During the Knebworth Festival in England, Pink Floyd premiered "Wish You Were Here" with pyrotechnics and an exploding plane.

Amazon.com was founded by Jeff Bezos in Bellevue, Washington.

Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono won Indonesia's first direct presidential election.